狀語從句
狀語從句有時間、地點、原因、目的、方式、結(jié)果、條件、讓步等八種。
一、時間狀語從句：
引導(dǎo)詞有after，before，as，once，since，till，until，when，whenever，while，as soon as，the moment/minute…(一…就)，the time,the day,every time,next time,each time，by the time of，no sooner…than(一…就)，hardly…when(一…就).例如：
Each/Every time he comes here,he will drop in on me.
每次他來這兒他都順便看我.
He was ill last time I saw him.上次我見到他時他病了.
No sooner had she heard the news than she cried.她一聽到這個消息就哭了.
[辨析]when與while
when引導(dǎo)的從句動詞可以是延續(xù)性的或短暫性的，while引導(dǎo)的從句中動詞必須是延續(xù)性的;在“be…when…”句式中when表“at that time(就在這時)”意，這樣用的when不能換為while;while有時并不表示時間，而表示對比，意“而”、“卻”，when無這樣的用法。例如：When I got home I found the door locked./While(或When)we were working in the fields,it suddenly began to rain./He was wandering through the streets when a bike hit him./His pencil is red,while mine is yellow.
[辨析]till與until
一般情況下可以互換，但until可以位于句首，till則不能。例如：
Until it stops raining，the children can?t go out.雨停了，孩子們才能出去.
=Not until the rain stops can the children go out.
二、地點狀語從句
引導(dǎo)詞有where，wherever.例如：
I?ll go wherever the people want me to go.(wherever=to any place where)
He works where his grandfather fought.(where=in the place where)
Where there is a will,there is a way.(Where=In the place where)
三、原因狀語從句
引導(dǎo)詞有because,since,as,now(that)(既然)
回答以why提出的問題時，只能用because,而不能用as等。
since=now(that),表“既然”意，表示已知的或明顯的原因，由此加以推論。例如：
Now that/Since you are free today,you may have a rest at home or go out for a walk.
for 是一個并列連詞，用來連接兩個并列句，引導(dǎo)的句子是對前面一句話的內(nèi)容的推測或補充說明。例如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet./The day has broken,for the birds are singing.(這兩句中的for都不可換為because或as,since等。)
四、目的狀語
引導(dǎo)詞有so that,in order that,that,in case(免得，以防)。目的狀語從句謂語常含有can/could/may/might/will/would等情態(tài)動詞。例如：
He ran as fast as possible in order that he could catch the bus./Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I forget.請明天再提醒我一下，以免我忘記。
五、方式(或比較)狀語從句
引導(dǎo)詞有as,as if,as though,than,as/so…as,the more…the more.例如：
Tom is not so/as tall as John./It looks as if it is going to rain./He runs faster than I.
注：as…as既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句，so…as只能用于否定句。
六、結(jié)果狀語從句
引導(dǎo)詞有so…that,such…that,so that.例如：
1. He works so hard that he makes great progress in his studies.
2. It?s such a difficult problem that nobody can work it out.
3. There?s not any noise here so that I feel very comfortable.
第3個例句中so that從句不是目的狀語從句，從結(jié)構(gòu)上看沒有can,may等情態(tài)動詞，從意思上看I feel very comfortalbe是There?s not any noise的結(jié)果.
七、條件狀語從句
引導(dǎo)詞有if,unless,as/so long as,on condition that,in case(如果)等，從句的時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(含現(xiàn)在完成時)，一般過去時(含過去完成時)分別代替一般將來時和過去將來時。例如：
If it rains tomorrow,I won?t go there./He said he would not go back home unless he had achieved a lot./I?ll study so long as. I?m alive./In case he come,let me know.如果他來的話，告訴我一聲。
If 引導(dǎo)的條件句可以是真實性條件句，也可以是非真實性條件句(用于虛擬語氣)
八、讓步狀語從句
引導(dǎo)詞有though,although,even if,even though,as,whoever,whatever,
however,no matter+what/who/when/…等。例如：
Though/Although he is ill,he still goes to school./She started her experiment,even though she had little money./Whatever you found,you must turn it in./However hard he worked,he hardly made any progress.
as 作“盡管”意時，一般將其句中的表語放在句首，例如：Young as he is,he knows a lot.=Although he is young,he knows a lot.若表語為名詞，冠詞要省略，例如：
Child as/though he is,he has remembered a lot of English words.(此句中though不可換為although)
although或though不能與but同時出現(xiàn)在一個復(fù)合句中，但是“Although/Though…，(and)yet…”句式卻是正確的。例如：
Although it is raining heavily,yet they are repairing the bridge.
狀語從句考點分析
1.If you go to Xi?an,you will find the palaces there more magnificent than
commonly .(上海高考)
A.supposing B.supposed C.to suppose D.suppose
析：than后實際上是一個比較狀語從句的省略式，其完整形式是than they are
commonly supposed.所以答案為B.
2.We won?t give up we should fail ten times.(NMET)
A.even if B.since C.whether D.until
析：觀察題干，空白處應(yīng)填一表“即使”之意的詞，故應(yīng)選A.
3.-What was the party like?
-Wonderful.It?s years I enjoyed myself so much.(NMET)
A.after B.when C.before D.since
析：答話者既然說“Wonderful”,那么后面的話必然是對此作進(jìn)一步的補充說明，
只有選D項才能表達(dá)“我多年未曾這么開心過了”意思。注意這兒的since從
句中謂語動詞enjoyed是延續(xù)動詞，該句相當(dāng)于I haven?t enjued myself so
much for years.
4.John plays football ,if not better than,David.(NMET)
A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as
析：if not better than是插入語，可將其撇開，這時空白處要填as well as才
能與David相連接，D項在此不可用(so…as只能用于否定句)。A、C兩項皆少
as，故答案為B。
5.If we work with a strong will,we can overcome any difficulty, great it
is .(NMET)
A.what B.how C.however D.whatever
析：觀察題目，可知空白處要填一詞與great合表“無論多大”意。而however=
no matter how,與great一起正好表此意，其余項都不能表這意思。故答案為
C。
6.Mother was worried because little Alice was ill,especially Father was
away in France.(NMET)
A.as B.that C.during D.if
析：首先可以排除C，因為during是介詞，不能引導(dǎo)從句。B項that,D項if 都
不能引導(dǎo)原因狀語，故只能選A、as表“因為”。
7.She thought I was talking about her daughter, ,in fact I was talking
about my danughter.
A.whom B.where C.which D.while
析：空白處需填一個表示轉(zhuǎn)折對比的連詞，while可表“而”、“卻”意，故答案為D.
8. I admit his good points I can see his bad ones.
A.when B.as C.while D.before
析：若選A、B或D，admit應(yīng)改為admitted，can應(yīng)改為could,因為when,as
表示“當(dāng)…的時候”before表“在…之前”，通常涉及過去某時發(fā)生的動作、情
況.此題選C，while在此不表“當(dāng)…的時候”意，而表“雖然、盡管”意。全
句意思是“盡管我承認(rèn)他的優(yōu)點，我還是看到他的缺點”。
狀語從句專練
1. I get to Pairs,I?ll call you up at the airport.
A.Since B.While C.Once D.Altough
2. the headmaster comes, we won?t discuss this plan.
A.Unless B.If not C.Except D.Whether
3.Bill must have been away from the office. how many times I phoned
him,nobody answered it.
A.Whatever B.No matter C.In spite of D.Though
4.I had been to Beijing long you visited it.
A.before B.till C.after D.when
5. ,he is good at drawing.
A.To be a child B.A child as he is
C.As a child D.Child as he is
6.Don?t be discouraged you have fallen behind others.
A.whether B.as if C.even if D.however
7.We can get there on time the car doesn?t break down.
A.while B.as long as C.so that D.even if
8.The vase on the left is than the one on the right,and not .
A.more nicer;so expensive B.much more better;as expensive
C.nicer;as expensive D.better;such expensive
9.It wasn?t long he joined the job.
A.that B.before C.until D.and
10.These planes can fly than the old ones.
A.as fast three times B.three times as fast
C.three times fast D.three times faster
11. had the bell rung the students took their seats.
A.Hardly;when B.No sooner;when
C.Hardly;than D.No sooner;then
12. many times，but he still couldn?t understand it.
A.Having been told B. Though had been told
C.He was told D.Having told
13. we have come,let?s stay and enjoy it.
A.For B.As C.Because D.Since
14.You?d better do you are required.
A.like B.which C.that D.as
15. that none of us could follow him.
A.He spoke very fast B.So fast he spoke
C.Too fast he spoke D.So fast did he speak
16.I?ll start early, it may be dark.
A.however B.whether C.if D.though
17. the baby fell asleep the room.
A.After;did the mother leave B.Not until;did the mother leave
C.Not until;the mother left D.Soon after;the mother had left
18. the day went on,the weather got worse.
A.With B.Since C.As D.While
19.He can?t have gone out, the light is still on.
A.because B.since C.as D.for
20.I was walking along the river I heard a cry for help.
A.while B.since C.when D.as
21.We shouldn?t do that dangerous experiment the teacher is with as.
A.if not B.if C.unless D.as long as
22.He has little education he is unable to find a job.
A.such;that B.so;and C.so;that D.such;and
23.The soldier was wounded， he pushed on.
A.for B.and C.so D.yet
24.The full letter reads follows.
A.like B.as C.that D.which
25.Will you go our motherland needs us most after graduation?
A.that B.where C.in which D.to the place which
26.This is a revision paper.When you do it,you?d better make a mark you
have questions.
A.where B.the place C.as if D.since
27.Water power station are built big water falls.
A.where there are B.where there have
C.which has D.which are
28.I am sure I?ll meet kind-hearted man I go.
A.where B.to the place where C.wherever D.the place
29.She is so good at playing table-tennis that she can hit the ball she
wants it to go.
A.the place where B.that C.in which D.where
30.It was his mother came in to prepare his lessons.
A.not until;did the boy begin B.until;that the boy began
C.until;did the boy begin D.not until;that the boy began
狀語從句專練答案：
1-5 C A B A D 6-10 C B C B D 11-15 A C D D D
16-20 D B C D C 21-25 C C D B B 26-30 A A C D D
常用動詞搭配
△含break詞組：
1.break away from 擺脫、逃掉、改掉、斷絕來往。
例：The little boy broke away from his mother and ran away.
2.break down 損壞、身體衰弱。例：The car broke down.
3.break in 闖入、插嘴。vi.例：Don?t break in when others are speaking.
4.break into 闖入、打斷，突然開始。例：They broke into the house.
5.break out 爆發(fā)、發(fā)生。例：A quarrel broke out between them.
△含call詞組：
1.call for 叫(某人)，接(某人)，要求、需要。
例：I?ll call for you tomorrow morning.
2.call in 召集、召來。例：We?d better call in a doctor.
3.call on/upon 訪問、探望(某人)、號召。例：I called on him yesterday.
4.call at 訪問、探望(某處)。例：I hope to call at your office some day.
5.call up 給…打電話、使人想起。例：The picture calls up scenes of my childhood.
△含catch詞組
1.catch/take/get hold of 握、抓住。例：He caught hold of the pig?s ear.
2.catch sight of=see 看到、發(fā)現(xiàn)。例：The little girl cried as soon as she
caught sight of her mother.
3.catch up with 趕上。 例：He tried to catch up with his classmates.
△含come詞組
1.come along 一起來，來到、快點。例：Come along,or we?ll be late.
2.come back 回來，恢復(fù)知覺、復(fù)活、被回憶起來。例：When he came back he found
himeself tied to a tree.
3.come down 下來，下降、跌價。例：I don?t think the price of meat will come
down.
4.come in 進(jìn)來。vi.
5.come on/upon 快點、趕快、進(jìn)展、進(jìn)行、偶遇。
6.come out 出來、出版。例：The magazine comes out weekly.
7.come to 到達(dá)、談到、涉及、合計、總計。
8.come up 走過來、走近、長出、發(fā)芽。例：The seeds hasn?t come up yet.
△cost，spend，pay，take
1.cost 句型：sth. cost money/time;sth.cost sb. time/money/勞力
2.spend句型：表“花費時”：sb.spend time/money on sth./(in/on)doing sth.
表“度過時”：sb.spend time 等+介詞+場所、活動等。
例：We spent two hours in a pleasant talk yesterday.
3.pay句型：pay sb.(money),pay(money)for sth, pay sb.for sth,sb.is paid
詞組：pay off 付清，pay back 歸還、償還、報答，pay attention to 注意
4.take句型：1)sth.takes time/money/energy
例：The journey will take two days.
2)sth.takes time/money/energy to do
例：The work took us three hours to finish.
3)It takes(sb.)time/money/energy to do sth.
take詞組：
1)take…away.拿走、移動
2)take back 收回、撤消
3)take care of 照顧、注意
4)take down 記下、寫下、取下
5)take off 脫去、起飛
6)take place 發(fā)生、舉行
7)take up 提出，從事，占(時間、地點等)
例：take up a problem 提出一個問題， take up the struggle 從事斗爭，
take up much room 占很多地方
8)take…out 取出、拿出
△含do 詞組
1.do some cleaning/washing/shopping/…打掃衛(wèi)生/洗東西/買東西/…
2.do one?s lessons/homework 做功課/做作業(yè)
3.do wrong 做壞事、犯罪
4.do sb.good/harm/wrong/a favour=do good/harm/wrong/a favour for sb.
對某人有益/有害/冤枉/幫忙
5.do away with 取消、廢除
6.do one?s best 盡力、努力
7.do well in 做得好，在…方面取得好成績
8.do with 對付、處理，與…相處。例：He is difficult to do with.他很難處。
9.have sth.to do with 與…有關(guān)
10.do something/nothing 采取措施/未采取措施
狀語從句有時間、地點、原因、目的、方式、結(jié)果、條件、讓步等八種。
一、時間狀語從句：
引導(dǎo)詞有after，before，as，once，since，till，until，when，whenever，while，as soon as，the moment/minute…(一…就)，the time,the day,every time,next time,each time，by the time of，no sooner…than(一…就)，hardly…when(一…就).例如：
Each/Every time he comes here,he will drop in on me.
每次他來這兒他都順便看我.
He was ill last time I saw him.上次我見到他時他病了.
No sooner had she heard the news than she cried.她一聽到這個消息就哭了.
[辨析]when與while
when引導(dǎo)的從句動詞可以是延續(xù)性的或短暫性的，while引導(dǎo)的從句中動詞必須是延續(xù)性的;在“be…when…”句式中when表“at that time(就在這時)”意，這樣用的when不能換為while;while有時并不表示時間，而表示對比，意“而”、“卻”，when無這樣的用法。例如：When I got home I found the door locked./While(或When)we were working in the fields,it suddenly began to rain./He was wandering through the streets when a bike hit him./His pencil is red,while mine is yellow.
[辨析]till與until
一般情況下可以互換，但until可以位于句首，till則不能。例如：
Until it stops raining，the children can?t go out.雨停了，孩子們才能出去.
=Not until the rain stops can the children go out.
二、地點狀語從句
引導(dǎo)詞有where，wherever.例如：
I?ll go wherever the people want me to go.(wherever=to any place where)
He works where his grandfather fought.(where=in the place where)
Where there is a will,there is a way.(Where=In the place where)
三、原因狀語從句
引導(dǎo)詞有because,since,as,now(that)(既然)
回答以why提出的問題時，只能用because,而不能用as等。
since=now(that),表“既然”意，表示已知的或明顯的原因，由此加以推論。例如：
Now that/Since you are free today,you may have a rest at home or go out for a walk.
for 是一個并列連詞，用來連接兩個并列句，引導(dǎo)的句子是對前面一句話的內(nèi)容的推測或補充說明。例如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet./The day has broken,for the birds are singing.(這兩句中的for都不可換為because或as,since等。)
四、目的狀語
引導(dǎo)詞有so that,in order that,that,in case(免得，以防)。目的狀語從句謂語常含有can/could/may/might/will/would等情態(tài)動詞。例如：
He ran as fast as possible in order that he could catch the bus./Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I forget.請明天再提醒我一下，以免我忘記。
五、方式(或比較)狀語從句
引導(dǎo)詞有as,as if,as though,than,as/so…as,the more…the more.例如：
Tom is not so/as tall as John./It looks as if it is going to rain./He runs faster than I.
注：as…as既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句，so…as只能用于否定句。
六、結(jié)果狀語從句
引導(dǎo)詞有so…that,such…that,so that.例如：
1. He works so hard that he makes great progress in his studies.
2. It?s such a difficult problem that nobody can work it out.
3. There?s not any noise here so that I feel very comfortable.
第3個例句中so that從句不是目的狀語從句，從結(jié)構(gòu)上看沒有can,may等情態(tài)動詞，從意思上看I feel very comfortalbe是There?s not any noise的結(jié)果.
七、條件狀語從句
引導(dǎo)詞有if,unless,as/so long as,on condition that,in case(如果)等，從句的時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(含現(xiàn)在完成時)，一般過去時(含過去完成時)分別代替一般將來時和過去將來時。例如：
If it rains tomorrow,I won?t go there./He said he would not go back home unless he had achieved a lot./I?ll study so long as. I?m alive./In case he come,let me know.如果他來的話，告訴我一聲。
If 引導(dǎo)的條件句可以是真實性條件句，也可以是非真實性條件句(用于虛擬語氣)
八、讓步狀語從句
引導(dǎo)詞有though,although,even if,even though,as,whoever,whatever,
however,no matter+what/who/when/…等。例如：
Though/Although he is ill,he still goes to school./She started her experiment,even though she had little money./Whatever you found,you must turn it in./However hard he worked,he hardly made any progress.
as 作“盡管”意時，一般將其句中的表語放在句首，例如：Young as he is,he knows a lot.=Although he is young,he knows a lot.若表語為名詞，冠詞要省略，例如：
Child as/though he is,he has remembered a lot of English words.(此句中though不可換為although)
although或though不能與but同時出現(xiàn)在一個復(fù)合句中，但是“Although/Though…，(and)yet…”句式卻是正確的。例如：
Although it is raining heavily,yet they are repairing the bridge.
狀語從句考點分析
1.If you go to Xi?an,you will find the palaces there more magnificent than
commonly .(上海高考)
A.supposing B.supposed C.to suppose D.suppose
析：than后實際上是一個比較狀語從句的省略式，其完整形式是than they are
commonly supposed.所以答案為B.
2.We won?t give up we should fail ten times.(NMET)
A.even if B.since C.whether D.until
析：觀察題干，空白處應(yīng)填一表“即使”之意的詞，故應(yīng)選A.
3.-What was the party like?
-Wonderful.It?s years I enjoyed myself so much.(NMET)
A.after B.when C.before D.since
析：答話者既然說“Wonderful”,那么后面的話必然是對此作進(jìn)一步的補充說明，
只有選D項才能表達(dá)“我多年未曾這么開心過了”意思。注意這兒的since從
句中謂語動詞enjoyed是延續(xù)動詞，該句相當(dāng)于I haven?t enjued myself so
much for years.
4.John plays football ,if not better than,David.(NMET)
A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as
析：if not better than是插入語，可將其撇開，這時空白處要填as well as才
能與David相連接，D項在此不可用(so…as只能用于否定句)。A、C兩項皆少
as，故答案為B。
5.If we work with a strong will,we can overcome any difficulty, great it
is .(NMET)
A.what B.how C.however D.whatever
析：觀察題目，可知空白處要填一詞與great合表“無論多大”意。而however=
no matter how,與great一起正好表此意，其余項都不能表這意思。故答案為
C。
6.Mother was worried because little Alice was ill,especially Father was
away in France.(NMET)
A.as B.that C.during D.if
析：首先可以排除C，因為during是介詞，不能引導(dǎo)從句。B項that,D項if 都
不能引導(dǎo)原因狀語，故只能選A、as表“因為”。
7.She thought I was talking about her daughter, ,in fact I was talking
about my danughter.
A.whom B.where C.which D.while
析：空白處需填一個表示轉(zhuǎn)折對比的連詞，while可表“而”、“卻”意，故答案為D.
8. I admit his good points I can see his bad ones.
A.when B.as C.while D.before
析：若選A、B或D，admit應(yīng)改為admitted，can應(yīng)改為could,因為when,as
表示“當(dāng)…的時候”before表“在…之前”，通常涉及過去某時發(fā)生的動作、情
況.此題選C，while在此不表“當(dāng)…的時候”意，而表“雖然、盡管”意。全
句意思是“盡管我承認(rèn)他的優(yōu)點，我還是看到他的缺點”。
狀語從句專練
1. I get to Pairs,I?ll call you up at the airport.
A.Since B.While C.Once D.Altough
2. the headmaster comes, we won?t discuss this plan.
A.Unless B.If not C.Except D.Whether
3.Bill must have been away from the office. how many times I phoned
him,nobody answered it.
A.Whatever B.No matter C.In spite of D.Though
4.I had been to Beijing long you visited it.
A.before B.till C.after D.when
5. ,he is good at drawing.
A.To be a child B.A child as he is
C.As a child D.Child as he is
6.Don?t be discouraged you have fallen behind others.
A.whether B.as if C.even if D.however
7.We can get there on time the car doesn?t break down.
A.while B.as long as C.so that D.even if
8.The vase on the left is than the one on the right,and not .
A.more nicer;so expensive B.much more better;as expensive
C.nicer;as expensive D.better;such expensive
9.It wasn?t long he joined the job.
A.that B.before C.until D.and
10.These planes can fly than the old ones.
A.as fast three times B.three times as fast
C.three times fast D.three times faster
11. had the bell rung the students took their seats.
A.Hardly;when B.No sooner;when
C.Hardly;than D.No sooner;then
12. many times，but he still couldn?t understand it.
A.Having been told B. Though had been told
C.He was told D.Having told
13. we have come,let?s stay and enjoy it.
A.For B.As C.Because D.Since
14.You?d better do you are required.
A.like B.which C.that D.as
15. that none of us could follow him.
A.He spoke very fast B.So fast he spoke
C.Too fast he spoke D.So fast did he speak
16.I?ll start early, it may be dark.
A.however B.whether C.if D.though
17. the baby fell asleep the room.
A.After;did the mother leave B.Not until;did the mother leave
C.Not until;the mother left D.Soon after;the mother had left
18. the day went on,the weather got worse.
A.With B.Since C.As D.While
19.He can?t have gone out, the light is still on.
A.because B.since C.as D.for
20.I was walking along the river I heard a cry for help.
A.while B.since C.when D.as
21.We shouldn?t do that dangerous experiment the teacher is with as.
A.if not B.if C.unless D.as long as
22.He has little education he is unable to find a job.
A.such;that B.so;and C.so;that D.such;and
23.The soldier was wounded， he pushed on.
A.for B.and C.so D.yet
24.The full letter reads follows.
A.like B.as C.that D.which
25.Will you go our motherland needs us most after graduation?
A.that B.where C.in which D.to the place which
26.This is a revision paper.When you do it,you?d better make a mark you
have questions.
A.where B.the place C.as if D.since
27.Water power station are built big water falls.
A.where there are B.where there have
C.which has D.which are
28.I am sure I?ll meet kind-hearted man I go.
A.where B.to the place where C.wherever D.the place
29.She is so good at playing table-tennis that she can hit the ball she
wants it to go.
A.the place where B.that C.in which D.where
30.It was his mother came in to prepare his lessons.
A.not until;did the boy begin B.until;that the boy began
C.until;did the boy begin D.not until;that the boy began
狀語從句專練答案：
1-5 C A B A D 6-10 C B C B D 11-15 A C D D D
16-20 D B C D C 21-25 C C D B B 26-30 A A C D D
常用動詞搭配
△含break詞組：
1.break away from 擺脫、逃掉、改掉、斷絕來往。
例：The little boy broke away from his mother and ran away.
2.break down 損壞、身體衰弱。例：The car broke down.
3.break in 闖入、插嘴。vi.例：Don?t break in when others are speaking.
4.break into 闖入、打斷，突然開始。例：They broke into the house.
5.break out 爆發(fā)、發(fā)生。例：A quarrel broke out between them.
△含call詞組：
1.call for 叫(某人)，接(某人)，要求、需要。
例：I?ll call for you tomorrow morning.
2.call in 召集、召來。例：We?d better call in a doctor.
3.call on/upon 訪問、探望(某人)、號召。例：I called on him yesterday.
4.call at 訪問、探望(某處)。例：I hope to call at your office some day.
5.call up 給…打電話、使人想起。例：The picture calls up scenes of my childhood.
△含catch詞組
1.catch/take/get hold of 握、抓住。例：He caught hold of the pig?s ear.
2.catch sight of=see 看到、發(fā)現(xiàn)。例：The little girl cried as soon as she
caught sight of her mother.
3.catch up with 趕上。 例：He tried to catch up with his classmates.
△含come詞組
1.come along 一起來，來到、快點。例：Come along,or we?ll be late.
2.come back 回來，恢復(fù)知覺、復(fù)活、被回憶起來。例：When he came back he found
himeself tied to a tree.
3.come down 下來，下降、跌價。例：I don?t think the price of meat will come
down.
4.come in 進(jìn)來。vi.
5.come on/upon 快點、趕快、進(jìn)展、進(jìn)行、偶遇。
6.come out 出來、出版。例：The magazine comes out weekly.
7.come to 到達(dá)、談到、涉及、合計、總計。
8.come up 走過來、走近、長出、發(fā)芽。例：The seeds hasn?t come up yet.
△cost，spend，pay，take
1.cost 句型：sth. cost money/time;sth.cost sb. time/money/勞力
2.spend句型：表“花費時”：sb.spend time/money on sth./(in/on)doing sth.
表“度過時”：sb.spend time 等+介詞+場所、活動等。
例：We spent two hours in a pleasant talk yesterday.
3.pay句型：pay sb.(money),pay(money)for sth, pay sb.for sth,sb.is paid
詞組：pay off 付清，pay back 歸還、償還、報答，pay attention to 注意
4.take句型：1)sth.takes time/money/energy
例：The journey will take two days.
2)sth.takes time/money/energy to do
例：The work took us three hours to finish.
3)It takes(sb.)time/money/energy to do sth.
take詞組：
1)take…away.拿走、移動
2)take back 收回、撤消
3)take care of 照顧、注意
4)take down 記下、寫下、取下
5)take off 脫去、起飛
6)take place 發(fā)生、舉行
7)take up 提出，從事，占(時間、地點等)
例：take up a problem 提出一個問題， take up the struggle 從事斗爭，
take up much room 占很多地方
8)take…out 取出、拿出
△含do 詞組
1.do some cleaning/washing/shopping/…打掃衛(wèi)生/洗東西/買東西/…
2.do one?s lessons/homework 做功課/做作業(yè)
3.do wrong 做壞事、犯罪
4.do sb.good/harm/wrong/a favour=do good/harm/wrong/a favour for sb.
對某人有益/有害/冤枉/幫忙
5.do away with 取消、廢除
6.do one?s best 盡力、努力
7.do well in 做得好，在…方面取得好成績
8.do with 對付、處理，與…相處。例：He is difficult to do with.他很難處。
9.have sth.to do with 與…有關(guān)
10.do something/nothing 采取措施/未采取措施
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