1.日常交際應答語
①應答對方的感謝;
②應答對方的道歉;
③應答對方的勸告和建議;
④應答對方的請求;
⑤應答對方的要求;
⑥應答對方的邀請;
⑦應答對方的祝愿、祝賀;
⑧應答對方的鼓勵和贊揚;
⑨應答對方的幫助。
2.情感態(tài)度的表達
①表示驚奇;
②表示同情;
③表示安慰;
④表示鼓勵;
⑤表示同意;
⑥表示不同意;
⑦表示不在乎。
3.日常交際問答
①問候;
②問時間、日期;
③打電話;
④購物;
⑤問路。
4.幾個?？嫉慕浑H用語
①It all depends!(視情況而定);
②what if(倘若......會怎么樣);
③What for?(做什么用，為什么);
④So what ?(那又怎么樣);
⑤Got it!(明白了);
⑥Take your time.(別著急);
⑦Take it easy.(放松點);
⑧It’s up to…(由……決定)。
【知識點歸納】
I.日常交際應答語
1.感謝與應答
感謝
Thank you very much.
Thanks a lot.
Many thanks.
應答
That's all right.
Thanks for helping me.
You're welcome.
That's OK.
Not at all.
It’s my pleausre.
Don’t mention it.
It’s nothing.
Think nothing of it.
Forget it.
2.道歉與應答
道歉
I'm sorry.
I'm sorry to trouble you.
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.
應答
It doesn't matter.
It's not important.
That's/It’s nothing.
Not at all.
Neve rmind.
That’s all right.
Forget it.
That’s OK.
No problem.
Not to worry.
3.勸告、建議與應答
勸告和建議
I think you ought to…我想你應該……
If I were you, I’d…如果我是你，我會……
It might be a good idea if you…如果你……這倒是個好主意。
Have you ever thought of…? 你是否想過要……?
I recommend that……我建議……
I strongly advise you to……我極力主張你……
You really ought to……你的確應該……
Personally, I think you’d better……依我看，你最好……
Why not do……? 為什么不……?
Why don’t you do……? 你為什么不……?
I suggest that……我建議……
What about doing……? ……怎么樣?
How about doing……? ……怎么樣?
Shall we……? 我們?nèi)ァ脝?
Let’s……, shall we? 讓我們?nèi)ァ脝?
You need (to)……你需要……
應答
肯定的：
Good idea.
That’s great.
Sounds great.
It sounds great.
That’s fine.
Why not?
否定的：
I’d love to,but…
I’m afraid…
It’s an idea,but…
4.請求與應答
請求
May I...?
Can I?
Could I...?
Do you mind if I…
應答
肯定的：
With pleasure.
Certainly(Of course)
Sure,go ahead.
Yes,help yourself.
Of Course not,go ahead(回答Do you mind if I…的請求)
否定的：
I’m afraid not.
Better not.
I’d rather you didn’t.
5.應答對方的要求
肯定的：
All right.
I will.
否定的：
No way.
Forget it.
—Do remember to call me up when you arrive. —I will.
—I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her. —No way.It was her fault.
6.邀請與應答
邀請
Would you like to … ?
Why don’t we…?
應答
肯定的：
That would be fine.
Tha’s very kind of you.
All right.
Yes,I’d love to.
否定的：
I’d love to,but…
Sorry,I can’t.
I’m afraid I can’t.
7.祝愿、祝賀與應答
祝愿、祝賀
Good luck!
Best wishes to you.
Have a nice/good time/journey.
Congratulations!
Happy New Year!
Merry Christmas!
Happy birthday to you.
應答
Thank you!
The same to you.
You,too.
—Happy New Year!(Merry Christmas!)
—The same to you.(You,too.)
8.鼓勵、贊揚與應答
鼓勵、贊揚
Very good.
Well done.
Wonderful.
Excellent.
Come on.
Keep trying.
You can do it.
應答
Thank you.
OK.
I’ll try it again.
9.提供幫助與應答
主動提供幫助時：
Can I help you?
What can I do for you
Would you like me to help you?
Do you want me to…
Let me…
需要別人幫助時：
Yes，please
Thank you for your helpThanks.
不需要別人幫助時：
No，thank youthank you all the same.
That’s very kind of you, but…
II.情感態(tài)度的表達
1.表示驚奇
Really?
How come?(何以會……?為什么)
What a surprise!
Oh，dear!
Good heavens!
2.表示同情
I’m sorry to hear that.
Don’t worry.
What a pity!
That’s really unlucky.
Bad luck.
Just my luck.
3.表示安慰
Don’t worry.
Don’t be afraid.
Take your time.
Take it easy.
Make yourself at home.
It’s quite all right.
It’ll be OK.
4.表示鼓勵
Come on.
Cheer up.
You can do it.
You will make it.
5.表示同意
I quite agree.
I couldn’t agree more.
Exactly.
Certainly.
Absolutely.
Of course.
All right.
That’s a good idea.
No problem.
I think so.
6.表示不同意
Not really.
Not Exactly.
I don’t quite agree.
I don’t think so.
I’m afraid not.
It’s hard to say.
Well,that’s depend.
No way.
Of course not.
7.表示不在乎
So what?
Who cares?
III.日常交際問答
1.問候
①A:Good morning/afternoon/evening.
Hello/Hi.
How do you do?
Nice to meet you.
B:答語與問候語相同。
②A:How are you?
B:Fine, thank you.And you?
A:Very well,thank you.
2.問時間、日期
A:What day is it? B:It's Monday.
A:What's the date? B:It's Jan. 10th.
A:What's the time,please? B:It's five o'clock/half past five... It's time to ...
3.打電話
This is…(speaking). 我是……(不說I am…)
It is …h(huán)ere. 我是……
May I speak to …, please? 請找……接電話好嗎?
Can I speak to …, please? 請找……接電話好嗎?
Could I speak to …, please? 請找……接電話好嗎?
I’d like to speak to…, please. 請找……接電話好嗎?
Who’s that (speaking / calling)? 你是誰?(不說Who are you?)
Is that …(speaking)? 你是……嗎?
Is …there? ……在嗎?
Is…in? ……在嗎?
Hold on, please. 請稍等。
Hold the line, please.請稍等。
Can I take a message? 你可以留個口信嗎?(對方要找的人不在時)
Can you give/ leave a message?你可以留個口信嗎?(對方要找的人不在時)
Can/Could I ask who is calling?請問您是哪位?
May I have your telephone number? 您的電話號碼是多少?
4.購物
What can I do for you?您要買點什么?
Can I help you? 您要買點什么?
What’s the price of …?……的價錢是多少?
How much is…? ……多少錢?
It’s well worth the money.很合算。
Have you got anything a little cheaper? 有沒有比這便宜點的?
How much does it come to? 總共多少錢?
How much is it altogether? 總共多少錢?
Try it for size. 試試大小。
Will you show me…?請拿給我看……?
Have you got any…? 你們有……嗎?
It’s a bit too large (small, plain. gaudy etc.) for me.
這對于我來說太大(太小，太素，太花哨等)了。
That’s fine. I’ll take it. 那好，我買了。
That’s too expensive, I’m afraid.恐怕那太貴了。
What colour do you want? 你要什么顏色?
What size do you want? 你要什么尺寸的?
Do you have any other kind? 你們有別的種類嗎?
5.問路
Excuse me.Where’s …?勞駕，……在什么地方?
Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to…? 勞駕，你能告訴我去……的路嗎?
How can I get to…?我怎樣去……?
Go down this street.順著這條街走。
Turn right at the first crossing.在第一個十字路口向右拐。
Turn left at the second crossing.在第二個十字路口向左拐。
It’s about…metres from here.離這里大約有……米。
It’s only a ten-minute walk from here.走十分鐘就到了。
Go straight ahead till you see…一直往前走直到你看見……
IV.建議和提醒
交際用語要注意中西方的差異，這點非常重要，往往考生失分就在于忽視了中西方文化上的差異。交際用語的不僅在單選里考查，聽力里也有所涉及。所以，平時做聽力時也可以積累交際上的回答，注意體味情景的含義。交際用語的復習不要刻意投入太多的時間，把平時該掌握的掌握好就可以了!
根據(jù)大綱的要求，我們考生所要熟悉的功能意念部分包括：問候，介紹，告別，感謝和應答，祝愿、祝賀和應答，邀請和應答，提供(幫助等)和應答，約會，意原和希望，請求、允許和應答;同意和不同意，喜好和厭惡，決斷和堅持，判斷和意見，職責，能力，偏愛，責備和抱怨，肯定和不肯定，禁止和警告，可能和不可能，預見、猜測和相信，請求，勸告和建議，許諾，提醒，表示焦慮，表示驚奇，表示喜悅等三十余項。
以及所要熟悉的情景場所部分的對話：包括談論天氣，購物，問路和應答，問時間、日期和應答，就餐，打電話，傳遞信息，看病，求救，語言困難，標志和說明等十余項。
同時解題時要做到“四忌”
一忌上詞下用
上詞下用指的是答句部分延用了題干句子的重點詞、信息詞，按表層意思似乎合情合理，但往往為錯誤的“虛像”，需經(jīng)進一步分析后才能確定正確選項。典型的例子如用“I don’t”應答“Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow”，用“Don’t be sorry”回答“I’m sorry I broke your mirror”，以及用“No thanks”回答“Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me.”避免“上詞下用”的誤區(qū)，一是確認題目涉及的交際功能項目，二是確認句子上下文語境，三是確認正確的話語方式。請看下例：
—I wonder if I could use your telephone.
—________.
A.I wonder how B.I don’t wonder C.Sorry，it’s out of order D.No wonder,here it is
解析：盡管該題中反復出現(xiàn)“wonder”一詞，但通過仔細審題可確定其考查的功能項目為征求對方意見，問句相當于“Could I use your telephone?”綜合語境和話題的分析，正確的答話方式一般為“Of course you can”(肯定)或“Sorry,you can’t”(否定)，也只有C項符合題意，A、B、D項均屬典型的“上詞下用”現(xiàn)象，而且D項中的“No wonder”意思為“難怪 ”，更是和題干內(nèi)容相差甚遠。
二忌中文思維
與上詞下用比較，這一誤區(qū)更具迷惑力，因為無論按題目內(nèi)容或是按思維方式來考慮，都非常符合中國學生的習慣。顯然，掌握英漢兩種語言和文化之間的相同和相異之處，對于準確解題至關重要?？忌忸}失誤之一是按漢語的表達方式和結(jié)構(gòu)去套英語，去選答案，這屬于語言知識的“負遷移”。請看下例：
—Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?
—________.
A.I don’t believe B.I don’t believe it C.I believe not so D.I believe not
解析：以Do you think…?這樣的句子來提問，用D項來回答表示否定，顯然不符合中文的表達習慣，這也正是許多考生選了A、B、C項的原因。另一個更常見的失誤是套用中國文化模式。違背英語國家的思維方式和文化習俗，這屬于文化方面的“負遷移”。
三忌直接回絕
這主要是指在對方要求得到幫助，提出請求或邀請時，回答過于直接，不夠委婉，盡管從語義角度分析是沒毛病的，但不符合英語國家的交際習慣。“請求”方面的問 話有May I…?/Can I…?/I wonder if I could…/Do you mind if I…?等，“邀請”方面 的問話有Will you…?/Would you like to…?/I’d like to invite to…等。在作否定回答 時，為了表示禮貌和委婉，通常要用一些委婉詞，如but,I’m afraid,I’m sorry,thanks,please,had better等。請看下例：
—I didn’t know this was a one-way street,officer.
—________
A.That’s all right. B.I don’t believe you. C.How dare you say that? D.Sorry,but that’s no excuse.
解析：許多考生有可能選B、C項，這是沒有注意到西方人生活、工作中交往的必要禮節(jié)，答話時過于生硬，沒有顧及他人感情，而正確答案D項正是在充分考慮到說話雙方的身份，彼此之間的關系以及說話人的立場和態(tài)度的基礎上做出的選擇。
四忌答非所問
應該說答非所問的錯誤比較容易察覺，如果問話與答話的內(nèi)容風牛馬不相及的話，考生可以迅速排除。但有時雙方會話內(nèi)容有所關聯(lián)，但仔細推敲發(fā)現(xiàn)其實答語并不切題。最典型的例子是With pleasure和It’s a pleasure。前者一般在事前回答 ，表示“非常愿意”。后者一般在事后回答，表示“不用客氣”。 請看下例：
—Sorry, I couldn't come to the party. I was sick that day.
—_________.
A.I don't know that B.That's all right C.Yes, we'll have another party D.No, the party wasn't held
解析：A 、C和D三項均明顯地答非所問，與問句無關;只有D項能夠作出直接的答復。
【高考預測】
1.—This free gift doesn't look good.
—_____________, madam, but if you want good quality, you have to pay for it.
A. No problem B. No doubt C. No offence D. No way
2.—Was yesterday’s party a great success?
—______.Tom, who is a good mixer, didn’t show up.
A. Not surprisingly B. Not necessarily C. Not exactly D. Not really
3.——Can I get you a cup of coffee?
——___________.
A.With pleasure. B.You can please. C.That’s very nice of you. D.Thank you for the coffee.
4.—I’m so anxious about my driving test tomorrow. Would you please give me some advice?
— ____.I’m sure you are good enough to pass it. Be confident of yourself.
A. Absolutely B. Take it easy C. You are right D. Not really
5. —You shouldn’t have taken pictures before the carved stones.
—___________.
A. Pardon me B. Yes, I will C. Never mind D. Don’t mention it
6.—Please tell Bruce he has won the first prize in the maths contest.
—________! He never did so well before.
A. Congratulations B. Good luck C. That’s right D. What a good surprise
7.—Tom, I got a strange call this morning, saying I had won an expensive car, which puzzled me.
—___________
A. Congratulations. B. You are a lucky dog. C. Forget it. It’s too expensive. D. Perhaps it’s a trick
8.—Don’t you agree with what he said?
—Yes， !It can’t be .
A.approximately;better B.absolutely;better C.relatively;worse D.fortunately; worse
9.—I’d like to invite you to my new house this Sunday.
—________.
A. Oh, no. Let’s not B. I’m very sorry, but I have other plans
C. I’d rather stay at home D. Oh, no. That’ll be too much trouble
10.—Sorry, Peter. I’m afraid that I can’t go to the cross talk show by Guo Degang with you.
— ! Who knows when he will come here next time?
A.Take it easy B.What a shame C.It doesn’t matter D.Do as you like
11.—Do you mind my smoking here?
—__________!
A.No, thanks B.No. Good idea C.Yes, please D.Yes.Better not
12.—Tom, would you like to come to our dinner party?
—_ ____.
A. Yes, I would B. Sure, it’s my pleasure C. No, I can’t come D.Yes, with pleasure
13. — My name is Jack Smith.________
—Hi! I’m Jackson.
A. How do you do? B. Nice to meet you again.
C. How about you? D. How are you?
14.—Her grandpa passed away yesterday.
—_____ _ .
A.How do you like it? B.He was a kind man. C.Sorry to hear that. D.What shall we do?
15.—Shall we go there next Sunday?
—________?
—To see the football match.
A.What with B.What by C.What for D.What on
16.—Is there anything I can do for you，sir?
—_____ .
A.Perhaps.Go ahead B.No.Take your time
C.Yes.You're welcome D.Not now.Thanks anyway
17.—Sorry,I can't go camping with you. I have to prepare well enough for the entrance-exam.
—________!We can camp together next time.
A.Don't say so B.Congratulations C.Good luck D.No problem
18.— I’m going to travel to Sydney. Would you please tell me about your experiences there?
—________.Let’s discuss it over lunch.
A.Go ahead B.It just depends C.That’s wonderful D.By all means
19.—Shall I begin the lecture?
—I’m afraid we have to wait for a while. John is coming with a microphone.
— . I can do without the microphone.
A.I’m sorry B.Excuse me C.I beg your pardon D.Never mind
20.—Will he be back by ten tonight?
—No, _____ .
A.I think not so B.I’m not afraid C.I’m afraid not D.I don’t hope so
21.—Tom, you are smoking again?
—______? It’s none of your business.
A.So what B.How come C.Why not D.What for
22.—You must obey every word of mine!
一______ I don’t?
A.How about B.What if C.So what D.what about
23.—Do remember to charge the battery 12 hours when you first use it.
— .
A.Made it B.Got it C.Understood it D.Remembered it
24.—What kind of dancing do you like?
—____________.If it’s rock music I’ll do disco，and if it’s romantic music I’ll do ballet.
A.pardon B.I can’t tell you C.It all depends D.Not exactly
25.— Do you think I should join the singing group, Mary?
— ___ __ .If I were in your shoes, I certainly would.
A.None of your business B.It depends C.Why not D.I don’t think so
26.— Is there anything wrong with my heart?
—Nothing serious.____________.
A.Take it easy. B. Cheer up C. No way D. What a pity
27.—Excuse me, could you please spare me a few minutes to explain this?
—Sorry, but I must go to a meeting now.
—_______________.
A.Thanks a lot B.What a pity C.I am sorry to hear that D.Thanks anyway
28. —Whose advice do you think I should follow?
—___________.
A. No problem B. Come on C. It’s up to you D. Well, that’s life
29. —Can you turn down the radio, please?
—________.
A. Oh, I know B. I'm sorry; I didn't realize it was that loud
C. I'll keep it down next time. D. Please forgive me
30.—I’m not good at basketball, you know.
—_______ We’re playing for fun. Just try and you’ll see you can do it.
A. Well, it depends. B. Take your time. C. Come on! D. That’s OK.
31.—Shall I give you a hand with this as you are so busy now?
—Thank you. _______.
A. Of course you can B. If you like C. It’s up to you D. It couldn’t be better
32. —I can’t finish the paper until tomorrow, I’m afraid.
—That’s OK, there’s ______.
A. no problem B. no hurry C. no doubt D. no wonder
33.—Would you like another cup of tea?
—Thanks, .
A. but why not B. but I’d rather not C. and I’d like not D. and I’d rather not
34.— I’m afraid I can’t finish the book within this week.
—- _______.
A. Please go ahead B. That’s right C. Not at all D. Take your time
35.—I'm not good at singing，you know.
— It's just for fun.
A. No problem. B. Come on! C. What a pity! D. Cheer up.
36.—Michael was late for Mr. Smith’s oral class this morning.
—____ _? As far as I know, he never came late to class.
A. How come B. So what C. Why not D. What for
37.—Hi, Mr Yu, I want to buy a pen, but I happen to have no money with me. Could you lend me some?
—__________.
A. That’s fine B. Nothing serious C. Never mind D. No problem
38.—Could you please tell me the answer to this question?
—_______________! It is not my style to help people cheat.
A. No problem B. No way C. Not at all D. No doubt
39. — Let’s go hiking this afternoon, Ok?
— __________
A. Not at all. B. Never mind. C. Why not? D. What of it?
40.—The toast bread is really delicious. Can I have a second piece?
—_________.
A. Behave yourself B. Help yourself C. Do it yourself D. Go ahead if you don’t mind
41.— Why don’t you take a taxi there? It’ll save you a lot of time.
— _________.
A.Thank you anyway! B.Yes, let’s. C.Good idea! D.That’s all right.
42. —The WHO expert points out that the H1N1 flu remains a constant threat to the health state of the whole world.
— . It’s really a serious problem facing us.
A.Sorry, but I cant B.No, I agree with you C.It sounds a good idea D.I can’t agree more
43.— I was late for work this morning.
— _________ You started early, didn’t you?
A. Why not? B. So what? C. How come? D. Never mind..
44.—Shall I begin the lecture?
-I afraid we have to wait for a while.John is coming with a microphone.
- .I can do without the microphone.
A.I'm sorry B.Excuse me C.I beg your pardon D.Never mind
45. — How are you getting on with your work ? — .
A.Thank you B.Fine , thank you C.Quite well ,thank you D.Why do you ask so ?
46.— Shall we go out for a drink tonight? —__ ____.
A.You are right B. It must be funny C.That sounds great D. Have a nice time.
47.—Would you mind if I opened the window ?
—__ ____. In fact, I was going to suggest you __ __ it.
A. Yes; not did B.Not at all; do C. More or less; did D. Of course; do
48.—Thank you very much for helping me out of trouble, Bob.
—____________.
A. With pleasure B.Don’t mention it C. That’s right D. I hope so
49.—Can I take a week’s holiday, Sir?
—_________; we are too busy at present.
A. Don’t worry B. Don’t mention it C.Forget it D. No problem
50.—Don’t interrupt me while I’m explaining the problems to you.
—____ __.
A .All right，go ahead B. It’s my pleasure C. Of course，with pleasure D. Not at all
【參考答案】
1-5CDCBA 6-10DDBBB 11-15DDACC 16-20DCDDC 21-25ABBCC
26-30ADCBC 31-35DBBDB 36-40ADBCB 41-45CDCDC 46-50CBBCA
?
| 高考語文復習資料 | 高考數(shù)學復習資料 | 高考英語復習資料 | 高考文綜復習資料 | 高考理綜復習資料 |
| 高考語文模擬試題 | 高考數(shù)學模擬試題 | 高考英語模擬試題 | 高考文綜模擬試題 | 高考理綜模擬試題 |
| 高中學習方法 | 高考復習方法 | 高考狀元學習方法 | 高考飲食攻略 | 高考勵志名言 |