賓 語 從 句
    知識(shí)梳理：
    1.在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語的從句叫賓語從句，賓語從句可作謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語，也可做介詞的賓語。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (動(dòng)詞賓語)
    He asks him how long Mike has been down . (動(dòng)詞賓語)
    Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介詞賓語)
    2. 賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞有三類：
    (1) 以that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，主要用來引導(dǎo)句形式的賓語從句， that可以省略。eg, The radio says (that) the clouds will lift later on.
    She told me (that) she would like to go with us.
    (2) 以連接代詞which, what, who等或連接副詞how, where, why 等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，從句是陳述語序
    eg, Could you tell me what’s the matter with u?
    I want to know how soon it will begin.
    (3) 以 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句, 主要用來引導(dǎo)一般疑問句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從句，從句同樣是陳述語序
    eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .
    3.賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)
    (1) 當(dāng)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)、或一般將來時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句可用所需要的任何時(shí)態(tài)。 eg, I want to know what time he got up this morning.
    You are telling me that you won’t stop until tomorrow?
    (2) 當(dāng)主句為一般過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)， 從句要用于過去有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。
    eg,They asked what Jean was doing now .
    Linda said that the train had left.
    (3) 當(dāng)從句表述的是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，賓語從句要使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
    eg, Lisa asked whether light travels faster than sound.
    Polly said no news is a good news
    注意：一般情況下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情況例外。
    1. 當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓于是只用whether 不用if
    eg, We are talking about whether we’ll go on the pinic.
    2. 引導(dǎo)詞與動(dòng)詞不定式或 not 連用時(shí)， 只用whether.
    eg, Please let me know what to do next.
    Could you tell me whether u go or not?
    3. if當(dāng)如果講時(shí)， 引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句， 這時(shí)不能用whether.
    eg, You can’t work the plan out if you don’t have the meeting .
    例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松!
    1. The teacher asked the students ________.
    A. if they were interested in dinosaurs
    B. when was Albert Einstein born
    C. what they will do with the computers
    D. how many trees they have planted
    解析：賓語從句中從句應(yīng)保持陳述語序，答案B首先刪去，主句一般過去式，從句要用于過去有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)，刪去答案C和D,答案A中的if 意為如果.
    應(yīng)選A
    2. Could you tell me _______ ?
    A. what the matter is with you
    B. what was the matter with you
    C. hat’s the matter with you
    D. what’s the wrong with you .
    解析：what 就是從句的主語，what’s the matter with you 本身就是陳述語序，因此刪掉A; 主句可看作是委婉的請求，并是一般過去式，可刪去答案B; wrong 前不用加the, 因此此題選 C.
    3.He asked me _______ I could sing the song “My Heart will Go On.”
    A. if B. weather C.what D. that
    解析：此句應(yīng)選含有疑問意思的關(guān)系代詞， 故刪去D;weather 意為天氣，根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選A.
    4.Our teacher told us that the moon _________ round the earth.
    A. went B. turned C.go D. turns
    解析：從句是一個(gè)客觀真理，因此從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句影響。 應(yīng)選 D
    5. It makes no difference __________.
    A. whether will you come tomorrow.
    B. Whether or not will be pass the exam
    C. If he will come to the meeting or not
    D. Whether he will come to the meeting or not
    解析：答案A和B從句不是陳述語序先刪掉,if 不能與 not 連用。因此此題選D.
    6. They don’t know _______ their parents are.
    A.that B. what C. why D. which
    解析：what 表示職業(yè)， 因此選B.
    7. I am sure _______ you said is true.
    A. what B. that C. which D. who
    解析：根據(jù)句意應(yīng)用what , 做said 的內(nèi)容， 你所說的話。應(yīng)選A.
    8. The old man told us _______ and ________.
    A. to do what , to do how
    B. what to do it, how to do it
    C. what to do, how to do it
    D. what to do , how to do
    解析： 疑問詞what 即連接不定式，又做 do 的賓語; 而在how 引導(dǎo)的不定式短語中， how 表示方式， do 為及物動(dòng)詞， 因此需接賓語才正確應(yīng)選C.
    ?
    

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