【考點(diǎn)掃描】
    閱讀理解能力的培養(yǎng)是中學(xué)英語學(xué)習(xí)的一項(xiàng)重要任務(wù)，也是中考的一項(xiàng)重要內(nèi)容。中考閱讀理解題主要考查學(xué)生的語篇閱讀能力、分析和判斷能力。要求學(xué)生能較快地通過閱讀理解短文大意，獲取其中的主要信息，能做出正確判斷，然后根據(jù)試題的要求從A, B, C, D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案或做出正誤判斷。文章的難易程度和初三課文基本相同，要求閱讀速度為每分鐘40-50個詞。
    中考閱讀理解的閱讀材料的選取一般遵循三個原則：
    1. 閱讀文章不少于三篇，閱讀量在1，000單詞左右;
    2. 題材廣泛，包括科普，社會，文化，政治，經(jīng)濟(jì)等;
    3. 體裁多樣，包闊記敘文，說明文，應(yīng)用文等。
    中考閱讀理解考查的主要內(nèi)容是：
    1. 考查掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意的能力。
    此類考查主旨和大意的題大多數(shù)針對段落(或短文)的主題，主題思想，標(biāo)題或目的，其主要提問方式是：
    (1) Which is the best title of the passage?
    (2) Which of the following is this passage about?
    (3) In this passage the writer tries to tell us that______.
    (4) The passage tells us that______.
    (5) This passage mainly talks about_______.
    2. 考查把握文章的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)的能力。
    此類考查事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)的題目大多數(shù)是針對文章的細(xì)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)的，其主要提問方式是：
    (1) Which of the following is right?
    (2) Which of the following is not mentioned?
    (3) Which of the following is Not True in the passage?
    (4) Choose the right order of this passage.
    (5) From this passage we know ________.
    3. 考查根據(jù)上下文猜測生詞的含義的能力。
    此類猜測詞義的題目要求考生根據(jù)上下文確定某一特定的詞或短語的準(zhǔn)確含義。其主要提問方式是：
    (1) The word “ ” in the passage probably means ________.
    (2) The underlined word “It” in the passage refers to _______.
    (3) In this story the underlined word “ ” means ________.
    (4) Here “it” means________.
    4. 考查對閱讀材料全篇的邏輯關(guān)系的理解，對文章各段，各句之間的邏輯關(guān)系的理解能力。
    此類題目主要考查的是句語句之間，短語短之間的邏輯關(guān)系，其主要提問方式是：
    (1) Many visitors come to the writer’s city to ________.
    (2) Some shops can be built Donfeng Square so that they may _____.
    (3) Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because _____.
    (4) Why did the writer get off the train two stops before Vienna station?
    5. 考查依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和考生應(yīng)有的常識進(jìn)行推理和判斷的能力。
    此類題目文章中沒有明確的答案，需要考生再理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行推理和判斷。其主要提問方式是：
    (1) We can guess the writer of the letter may be a ______.
    (2) We can infer from the text that _______.
    (3) From the letters we’ve learned that it’s very _____ to know something about American social customs.
    (4) From the story we can guess ______.
    (5) What would be happy if …?
    6. 考查推斷作者意圖和態(tài)度的能力。
    (1) How did the writer feel at Vienna station?
    (2) The writer writes this text to ______.
    (3) The writer believes that ______.
    (4) The writer suggests that ______.
    【名師解難】
    明確了閱讀理解題的考查要點(diǎn)以后，我們現(xiàn)在來研究破解閱讀理解題的方法和技巧。
    1.如何獲取段落的主旨和大意?
    最有效的辦法是找出主題句。一篇文章(或一段文章)通常都是圍繞一個中心意思展開的。而這個中心意思往往由一個句子來概括。這個能概括文章或段落中心意思的句子叫做主題句。因此，理解一個段落或一篇文章的中心意思首先要學(xué)會尋找主題句。主題句一般具有三個特點(diǎn)：
    (1)表述的意思比較概括，相對其主句來看，這種概括性更為明顯。
    (2)句子結(jié)構(gòu)較簡單，多數(shù)都不采用長、難句的形式。
    (3)段落中其它的句子必定是用來解釋、支撐或發(fā)展主題句所表述的主題思想。
    在一篇短文或一個段落中，大部分主題句的情況有三種：
    (1)主題句在段首或篇首。
    主題句在段首或篇首的情況相當(dāng)普遍。一般新聞報道、說明文, 議論文大都采用先總述，后分述的敘事方法。例如：2003年陜西省英語中考試題閱讀材料B的第一段：
    All living things on the earth need other living things to live. Nothing lives alone. Most animals must live in a group, and even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind. Sometimes one living thing kills another, one eats and the other is eaten. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they form a food chain(食物鏈)。Some food chains become broken up if one of the links disappears.
    第一句即是主題句。這個句子概括了本段的中心意思，“地球上所有的生物要生存都離不開其它的生物”。后面講述了大量的事實(shí)，“大部分動物必須成群的生活，甚至一種植物也要和其它同類的植物靠在一起生長。有時一種生物殺死另一種生物，一種生物吃另一種生物，而另一種生物被吃”。在列舉了大量的事實(shí)之后，作者指出：如果這些食物鏈中的一個鏈環(huán)消失，所有的食物都會斷掉。所有這些事實(shí)都是圍繞第一個句子展開的。
    在這篇短文之后有一道考查主題的閱讀理解題：
    59. Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage?
    A. Animals B. Plants C. Food Chains D. Living Things
    根據(jù)主題句的意思，我們可以很容易判斷：這篇短文最好的標(biāo)題是Food Chains。
    (2)主題句在段末或篇末。
    用歸納法寫文章時，往往表述細(xì)節(jié)的句子在前，概述性的句子在后，并以此結(jié)尾。這種位于段末或篇末的主題句往往是對前面細(xì)節(jié)的總結(jié)，歸納或結(jié)論。例如2002年陜西省中考試題閱讀材料A的最后一段：
    If you buy some well-made clothes, you can save money because they can last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times. Sometimes some clothes cost more money, but it does not mean that they are always better made, or they always fit better. In other words, some less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes.
    這段文章前面列舉了兩件事實(shí)：如果你買一些制作優(yōu)良的衣服，你會省錢，因?yàn)檫@些衣服能穿得時間長一些。即使他們洗了很多次，仍然看起來很好。有時有些衣服花得前更多，但并不意味著這些衣服做得更好。最后一句話是對這兩個事實(shí)的概括：有些價錢便宜的衣服比價錢貴的衣服更好看，更合身。段末這個句子就是主題句。
    (3)無主題句
    有時，一篇文章里并沒有明顯的主題句。這時我們應(yīng)該怎樣來確定文章的主題或中心意思呢?其實(shí)這也不難。我們可以首先找出每一段的中心意思，各段的中心意思往往都是圍繞一個中心來展開的，或者說是來說明一個問題的。這個中心或這個問題就是這篇文章的主題或中心意思。
    請看2004年江西省中考試題閱讀理解A:
    Killer bees started in Brazil 1957. A scientist in Sao Paulo wanted bees to make
    more honey(蜂蜜). So he put forty-six African bees with some Brazilian bees. The bees bred(繁殖) and made a new kind of bees. But the new bees were a mistake. They didn’t want to make more honey. They wanted to attack. Then, by accident, twenty-six African bees escaped and bred with the Brazilian bees outside.
    Scientists could not control(控制) the problem. The bees increased fast. They went from Brazil to Venezuela. Then they went to Central America. Now they are in North America. They travel about 390 miles a year. Each group of bees grows four times a year. This means one million new groups every five years.?
    Why are people afraid of killer bees? People are afraid for two reasons. First, the bees sting(叮) many more times than usual bees. Killer bees can sting sixty times a minute nonstop for two hours. Second, killer bees attack in groups. Four hundred bee stings can kill a person.
    Already several hundred people are dead. Now killer bees are in Texas. In a few years they will reach all over the United States. People can do nothing but wait.?
    這篇短文表面看起來沒有主題句，那末怎樣來確定它的中心意思呢?按照上面的說明，我們先找出每一段的大意：第一段講的是“killer bees”的產(chǎn)生。第二段講的是“killer bees” 的急劇增加。第三段講的是人們害怕“killer bees”的原因。第四段講的是“killer bees”已經(jīng)殺死的人數(shù)和將來的狀況。從這幾段的大意可以看出這篇文章自始至終都是圍繞“killer bees”這一中心展開的。換句話說，“killer bees”就是這篇文章的主題。
    在這篇短文的后面就出了一道這樣的閱讀理解題：
    59. The best title of the passage is ____________.
    A. How to make more honey B. Killer bees
    C. A foolish scientist D. How to feed killer bees
    毫無疑問，答案應(yīng)該是：B。
    2.如何根據(jù)上下文猜測詞義?
    猜測詞義也是一種英語閱讀能力。英語閱讀理解試題中有不少這樣的題目。
    任何一個實(shí)詞，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一個確定的詞義。所謂上下文(context),正如英語辭典所解釋的，其作用就是幫助確定上下文中的詞、短語或句子的意義。據(jù)此，我們可以盡可能地利用上下文來猜測詞義，即從已知推求未知，也就是用我們所熟悉的詞或短語來猜測我們不熟悉的詞的詞義。猜測詞義時，我們可以從三個方面來考慮：1)根據(jù)上下文已知部分進(jìn)行邏輯上的推理。2)運(yùn)用語法知識進(jìn)行語法分析。3)依靠常識和經(jīng)驗(yàn)做出判斷。根據(jù)上下文猜測詞義的方法有下列幾種：
    (1)根據(jù)定義或解釋猜測詞義。例如：甘肅省2002年中考英語試題閱讀材料B:
    A bag is useful and the word “bag” is useful. It gives us some interesting phrases(短語). One is “ to let the cat out of the bag.” It is the same as “to tell a secret”….
    Now when someone lets out (泄漏)a secret, he “lets the cat out of the bag.”
    短文后面有一個理解題目：
    John “lets the cat out of the bag” means he ________.
    A. makes everyone know a secret
    B. the woman bout a cat
    C. buys a cat in the bag
    D. sells the cat in the bag
    在這篇文章里，“let the cat out of the bag”雖然是一個新出現(xiàn)的短語，但緊接著后面就給出解釋It is the same as “to tell a secret.根據(jù)這一解釋，我們就可判斷出正確答案應(yīng)為A。
    (2)根據(jù)情景和邏輯進(jìn)行判斷。例如：2004年北京市海淀區(qū)中考試題閱讀材料A。其中第三段是這樣的：
    As they go around town, the police help people. Sometimes they find lost children. They take the children home. If the police see a fight, they put an end to it right away. Sometimes people will ask the police how to get to a place in town. The police can always tell the people which way to go. They know all the streets and roads well.
    文章后面有這樣一道題：
    53. In the text, “put an end to” means “___________”.
    A. stop B. cut C. kill D. fly
    根據(jù)文章所提供的情景，如果警察看到有人在打架，他們肯定會去制止。因?yàn)橹浦勾蚣芏窔蔷斓穆氊?zé)。根據(jù)這一推理，答案應(yīng)該是A。
    (3)根據(jù)并列、同位關(guān)系猜測詞義。例如：福州市2004年中考英語試題的閱讀材料B。
    There is a place on our earth where hot water and steam come up under the ground. It is on a large island in the Pacific Ocean. The island is North Island in New Zealand.
    101. What does the word “steam” mean in Chinese??
    A. 自來水B. 大氣C. 冰川D. 蒸汽
    從語法上看，steam和hot water是并列關(guān)系，我們就以斷定這兩種東西是相關(guān)的，是同一類第物質(zhì)。在所給第四個選項(xiàng)中只有“蒸汽”有這種可能。
    (4)根據(jù)背景和常識判斷。請看2004年北京市海淀區(qū)中考試題的閱讀材料C:
    Watching some children trying to catch butterflies one August afternoon, I was reminded of an incident in my own childhood. When I was a boy of twelve in South Carolina, something happened to me that made me never put any wild creature (living thing) in a cage(籠子).?
    We lived on the edge of a forest, and every evening at dusk the mockingbirds would come and rest in the trees and sing. There isn?t a musical instrument made by man that can produce a more beautiful sound than the song of the mockingbird.
    I decided that I would catch a young bird and keep it in a cage and in that way, I would have my own private musician.
    I finally succeeded in catching one and put it in a cage. At first, being scared, the bird fluttered(撲騰) about the cage, but finally it settled down in its new home. I felt very pleased with myself and looked forward to some beautiful singing from my little musician.
    On the second day of the bird’s captivity, my new pet’s mother flew to the cage with food in her mouth. The baby bird ate everything she brought to it. I was pleased to see this. Certainly the mother knew better than I how to feed her baby.
    The following morning when I went to see how my captive (caged) bird was doing, I discovered it on the floor of the cage, dead. I was terribly surprised! What had happened! I had taken extremely care of my little bird, or so I thought.
    Arthur Wayne, the famous ornithologist, who happened to be visiting my father at the time, hearing me crying over the death of my bird, explained what had happened. “A mother mockingbird, finding her young in a cage, will sometimes bring it poison berries(毒莓). She thinks it better for her young to die than to live in captivity.”?
    Never since then have I caught any living creature and put it in a cage. All living creatures have a right to live free.
    60. An ornithologist is probably a person who ____________ . ?
    A. studies birds
    B. loves creatures?
    C. majors in habits
    D. takes care of trees?
    Ornithologist 這個詞從來沒有見到過，但是通過他的語言我們可以判斷出這是一個對鳥很有研究的人。我很愛鳥，把鳥裝在籠子里，并細(xì)心照料，而且鳥的母親也飛過來喂這只鳥，但這只鳥卻死了，我很不理解。到我家來的這個人給我詳細(xì)解釋了鳥死的原因，說明這個人非常懂鳥。據(jù)此，我們可以斷定答案影視A。
    除了前面提到的方法以外，還有下面一些方法：
    (5)根據(jù)同義、反義關(guān)系猜測詞義。
    (6)根據(jù)因果關(guān)系猜測詞義。
    3.如何確定細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)?
    在閱讀理解題目中，有相當(dāng)一部分是考查細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的題目。這類題目相對容易一些。這些題目有兩個共同特點(diǎn)：(1)凡屬針對特定細(xì)節(jié)的考題，其正確答案大都可以在閱讀材料中找到對應(yīng)的文字部分作為驗(yàn)證。這一部分可能是一個詞或短語，也可能是一個句子或相關(guān)的若干句子，但句式、用詞和表達(dá)方式不同。(2)干擾項(xiàng)往往是主體思想與細(xì)節(jié)混雜，正確答案細(xì)節(jié)和非正確答案的細(xì)節(jié)混雜，甚至真假混雜。因此，要做好閱讀理解中的確定細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的題目，一要在文章中找出相應(yīng)的信息點(diǎn)，二要排除干擾項(xiàng)。請看2003年陜西省中考英語試題閱讀理解題第48小題：
    What do plants make food from? They make food from _______.
    A. sunlight, water and things in the soil and air
    B. water, sunlight and things in the soil
    C. water and things in the soil and air
    D. water, sunlight and things in the soil
    這一小題考查的就是文章的細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)。這一細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的表述在文章中可以直接找到：Plants are “factories”. They make food from sunlight, water and things in the soil and air.
    4.如何進(jìn)行推斷?
    所謂推斷，就是根據(jù)閱讀材料中所提供的信息，推斷出未知的信息。即把有關(guān)的文字作為已知部分，從中推斷出未知部分。據(jù)以推斷的有關(guān)文字可能是詞或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。
    中考英語試題中的推斷題很多，包括的面也很大。其類型主要有以下幾種：
    (1)事實(shí)推斷：這種推斷常常針對某一個或幾個具體細(xì)節(jié)，是比較簡單的推斷。進(jìn)行這種推斷，要首先在文章中找出據(jù)以推斷的有關(guān)文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行間的意思。
    請看2002年南京市中考英語試題閱讀理解第14小題：
    According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV?
    A. You often play football with your friends after school.
    B. Your teacher has got a cold.
    C. A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasn’t been caught.
    D. The bike in front of your house is lost.
    在閱讀材料中，有這樣一段文字：
    Secondly, a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People don’t want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be “bad” news.
    根據(jù)這段文字，我們可以推斷：電視報道的新聞故事硬是有趣的和不平常的。因此，正確答案應(yīng)為C。
    推斷題還包括以下幾個方面：
    (2)指代推斷：確定指代詞的含義和指代對象是閱讀理解題常見的題目。要確定指代詞所指代的對象，關(guān)鍵在于對所在上下文的正確理解。指代名詞的指代詞，其單復(fù)數(shù)形式英語被指代的詞一致，因此數(shù)的形式可作為識別指代對象第一個輔助標(biāo)志。
    (3)邏輯推斷 這類題目往往是要求根據(jù)文章所提供的背景，人物的表情，動作和語言來推斷出人物的態(tài)度或感覺。
    (4)對作者的意圖和態(tài)度的推斷
    這一類考題大都要求考生就作者對論述對象持什么樣的態(tài)度做出推斷， 如作者對所陳述的觀點(diǎn)是贊同、反對，還是猶豫不定，對記述或描寫的人、物或事件是贊頌、同情、冷漠，還是厭惡。作者的這種思想傾向和感情色彩不一定直接表述出來，而往往隱含在字里行間。因此，進(jìn)行這種推斷時，我們既要依靠短文的主題思想作為推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辭，尤其是形容詞一類的修飾語。
    【中考范例】
    請看2004年陜西中考英語試題閱讀理解A部分:
    A) 根據(jù)下面一篇短文的內(nèi)容判斷下列句子的正誤，正確的用”A”表示，錯誤的用“B”表示。(共5小題，計(jì)5分)
    (A)
    Now TV programs play an important part in our daily life. We can get a lot of knowledge and a lot of fun from it. Today is Saturday. The following are some TV programs on different channels today. Now read these TV programs and try to find some information for you and your family members.
    

SXTV Channel 7             13: 12        Football Match	XATV Channel 4             15: 30       TV Play
SXTV Channel 6             18: 30        Cartoon Film	CCTV Channel 1             12: 38    Law Today
CCTV Channel 1             19: 00  News Report	CCTV Channel 3             21: 00    The Latest Music

    41. My grandfather is interested in laws. He can watch CCTV Channel 1 at noon.
    42. My father is a football fan. He prefers football matches. He can watch CCTV Channel 1.
    43. My mother likes watching TV plays. She wants to watch XATV Channel 4 in the afternoon.
    44. My sister is only six years old. I want to find a program for her. I think she can watch CCTV Channel 6.
    45. I’m a student. I like music, but I am very busy tonight. So I can watch CCTV Channel 3 this evening.
    41. A。這是一道考查細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的題目。從表中我們可以看到，中午12點(diǎn)38分中央電視臺1頻道有“今日說法”節(jié)目，父親當(dāng)然可以觀看。
    42. B。這是一道考查細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的題目。查看中央電視臺1頻道所有的節(jié)目沒有一個是播放足球賽的，所以這個陳述是錯誤的。
    43. A。這是一道考查細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的題目。從表中我們可以看到，15點(diǎn)30分陜西電視臺4頻道播放電視劇，母親完全可以看。
    44. B。這是一道考查細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的題目。從表中可以看到，查看中央電視臺6頻道所有的節(jié)目沒有一個是六歲的妹妹看的兒童節(jié)目。
    45. B。這是一道考查細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的題目。今天晚上我很忙，因此不可能看電視。
    再看2004年閱讀理解B部分：
    B) 閱讀下面連篇短文，從個小題所給的四個選項(xiàng)中選出能回答所提問題或完成所給句子的最佳答案。(共10小題，計(jì)20分)
    (B)
    The undersea world is very beautiful. Now more and more people want to dive in
    the water to find the secrets there. Scuba diving is a new sport today. It can take you
    into a wonderful undersea world.
    You will find many strange animals in the sea. Some are as large as a school bus.
    Many sea animals give out light in the dark and some have sharp teeth.
    During the day, there is enough light. Here, under the sea, everything is blue and
    green. When fish swim nearby, you can catch them with your hands. When you have
    bottles of air on your back, you can stay in deep water for a long time. However, you
    can’t dive too deep. And you must be very careful when you dive in deep water.
    The deep sea is not an easy place to live in. It’s cold, and it’s dark, too. The deeper
    it is, the less sunlight there is. At about 3,000 feet, there is no light at all. It is dark in
    the sea. Many fishes have no eyes. Some have big eyes. A few have eyes on one side.
    Besides (除了) the cold and darkness, deep-sea animals face a third danger ---
    other animals.
    Animals eat! They must find food to eat. Many animals eat plants. However, some
    Animals eat meat. This means these sea animals have animals have two big jobs.They
    need to find animals as food, and they have to try not to become other animals’ meal.
    46. Why do people want to dive in the sea? Because ________.
    A. they want to catch fish
    B. they want to find the secrets of the undersea world
    C. the sea is deep
    D. there are all kinds of plants in the sea
    47. In the daytime, when you dive in the sea, you _________.
    A. can see everything green and blue
    B. can’t be in danger
    C. can atch nothing
    D. can’t see anything clearly
    48. How many dangers will animals meet in the deep sea?
    A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
    49. When you do scuba diving, you can __________.
    A. stay in deep water for a long time
    B. dive very, very deep
    C. live in deep water easily
    D. dive freely without any dangers
    50. Which of the following is WRONG?
    A. One animals finds something to eat, and it may be eaten by others.
    B. At the depth of 3,000 feet under the sea, many animals can find their way by hearing and feeling.
    C. The deeper the sea is, the darker and colder it is.
    D. At the depth of 3,000 feet under the sea, all animals can find their way by seeing.
    46. B。這是一道考查細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的題目。文章開頭的第二句明確說明了這一點(diǎn)。“現(xiàn)在越來越多的人想潛水，為的是尋找海下世界的秘密”。
    47. A。這是一道考查細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的題目。文章第三段開頭就說明了這一事實(shí)。“During the day, there is enough light. Here, under the sea, everything is blue
    and green.”
    48. C。這是一道考查細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的題目。文章的第5段說明了這一問題：Besides
    (除了) the cold and darkness, deep-sea animals face a third danger --- other animals.
    49. A。這是一道考查細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的題目。文章的第三段有這樣一句話：When you
    have bottles of air on your back, you can stay in deep water for a long time. 背著
    空氣瓶潛水就是“scuba diving”。
    50. D。這是一道考查細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的題目。文章的第四段有這樣的敘述：At about
    3,000 feet, there is no light at all. It is dark in the sea. Many fishes have no eyes.
    在3，000米的深處，一點(diǎn)光線都沒有，很多于都沒有眼睛，他們怎麼能夠通
    過“看”來找到路呢?
    【滿分演練】
    (1)
    根據(jù)下面一篇短文的內(nèi)容判斷下列句子的正誤，正確的用”A”表示，錯誤的用“B”表示。
    Young people are often unhappy when they are with their parents. They say that their parents don’t understand them. They often think their parents are too strict with them, and they are never given a free hand.
    Parents often find it difficult to win their children’s trust(信任) and they seem to forget how they themselves felt when they were young.
    For example, young people like to do things without much thinking. It’s one of their ways to show that they grow up and they can do with any difficult things. Older people worry more easily. Most of them plan (計(jì)劃) things ahead and don’t like their plans to be changed.
    When you want your parents to let you do something, you will have better success (成功) if you ask before you really start doing it.
    Young people often make their parents angry by clothes they want, the music they enjoy and something else. But they don’t mean to cause (引起) any trouble. They just feel that in this way they can be cut off from the old people’s world and they want to make a new culture (文化) of their own. And if their parents don’t like their music or clothes or their manner of speech, the young people feel very unhappy.
    Sometimes you even don’t want your parents to say, “Yes” to what you do. You want to stay at home alone and do what you like.
    If you plan to control (控制) your life, you’d better win your parents trust and try to get them to understand you. If your parents see that you have high sense of responsibility (責(zé)任感), they will certainly give you the right to do what you want to do.
    1. When young people are with their parents, they don’t feel pleased.
    2. What young people think is different from what older people do.
    3. What young people do is to make their parents unhappy.
    4. When children grow up, they hope to let them do everything alone.
    5. If you try to get your parents to understand you, you must do well in everything.
    (2)
    根據(jù)下面一篇短文的內(nèi)容判斷下列句子的正誤，正確的用“A”表示，錯誤的用“B”表示。
    Yesterday evening, when I went to town with my mother, we met a strange old man. It was raining hard and we had no umbrella (傘). We were trying to get into a taxi when he came up to us. He was carrying a nice umbrella and he said that he would give it to us for only a pound. He had forgotten his wallet, he said, needed taxi-fare (出租汽車費(fèi)) to go back home. My mother didn’t believe what he had said at first, and asked him a lot of questions. But the old man didn’t get into a taxi. We followed (跟隨) him and found he went into a pub (小酒店) and bought himself a glass of whiskey (威士忌) with the pound. After he drank it, he put on his hat and took up one of the many wet umbrellas there and went off with the new one. Soon after that, he sold it again.
    1. The old man sold an umbrella to the writer and her mother.
    2. He gave it to them for only a pound because he had forgotten his wallet and needed taxi fare to go back home.
    3. The umbrella was worth more than one pound.
    4. The old man sold his own umbrella.
    5. He was an honest man.
    (3)
    根據(jù)下面一篇短文的內(nèi)容判斷下列句子的正誤，正確的用”A”表示，錯誤的用“B”表示。
    In 1605, a scientist took a willow branch(柳枝) and planted it. He didn’t plant it in the ground, however. He planted it in a vase of soil(泥土). For the next five years, the scientist watered that willow carefully.?
    The willow grew and grew. Where did it get the food for its growth? To most people, this was an easy question. The willow plant, of course, took the food from the soil.?
    The scientist, however, wanted evidence(證據(jù)).If the willow took the food from the soil for its growth, then, as it grew and weighed more, the soil ought to weigh less. He weighed the willow branch before he planted it. It weighed five pounds. Then he weighed the soil. It weighed 200 pounds. After five years, he weighed the plant and the soil again. The willow tree weighed 169 pounds, but the soil weighed almost the same.?
    The result(結(jié)果) was surprising. Where did the 164 pounds come from??
    After many investigations(調(diào)查), the scientist got the answer. He had given water to the willow, and the willow got its food from the water.
    He was right, in a way. Today we know more about the question.
    1. The scientist did the experiment in the sixteenth century.
    2. Most people thought the plant got the food from the soil for its growth.
    3. The soil in the vase weighed two hundred pounds.
    4. The scientist found that the willow grew and weighed more and the soil weighed less.?
    5. The soil weighed 164 pounds after five years.?
    6. Now we know about the question as much as the scientist did.
    (4)
    根據(jù)下面一篇短文的內(nèi)容判斷下列句子的正誤，正確的用”A”表示，錯誤的用“B”表示。
    One afternoon Bob and Jane were walking along a quiet street when they heard a big noise from the street corner. They ran there and found that a small car had knocked into the side of a truck. Both the car driver and the truck driver were hurt.?
    “Bob,” said Jane, “run back down the road to Mrs Day’s house. Ask her to call the police and the ambulance(救護(hù)車). Hurry up. I’ll stay here.”?
    Bob went off as fast as he could. There was nothing Jane could do but wait. She knew that when people were hurt in an accident，they shouldn’t be moved.?
    It wasn’t long before the police car and the ambulance arrived. The policemen got the car door open and moved the man out. Then they got the truck driver out. Luckily，the men weren’t badly hurt，but they were both taken to hospital. The policemen thanked Bob and Jane. “You were very good to act so quickly when you saw the accident. Thank you for all your help.”?
    1. The accident happened in a quiet street one afternoon.
    2. Bob，Jane，Mrs Day and the policemen heard the noise.
    3. Both of the drivers were hurt in the accident.?
    4. Jane asked Bob to call the police.?
    5. Jane had got the drivers out before the policemen arrived.
    (5)
    In America, just as in Europe, men usually open doors for women, and women always walk ahead of men into a room or a restaurant, unless (除非)the men have to be ahead of the ladies to choose the table, to open the door of a car or do some other things like the above On the street, men almost always walk or cross the street on the closer side of the ladies to the traffic But if a man walks with two ladies, he should walk between them Then if the host (男主人)or hostess (女主人)or both of them come in a car to get their guest for dinner, the guest should sit at the front seat and leave the back seat though there is no people sitting on it
    1.In America men usually _______
    A.walk ahead of women B.eat in a restaurant
    C.walk behind women D.drive a car to work
    2.In the street men ________
    A.cross the street
    B.walk on the right side of the ladies
    C.walk on the closer side of the ladies to the traffic
    D.walk near the ladies
    3.If a man walks with two ladies, he should _________
    A.walk between them B.run before them C.follow them D.go away
    4.If Mrs. Green wants you to her house in a car, you should _________
    A.sit beside a guest B.sit at the front seat
    C.sit at the back seat D.drive the car
    (6)
    Last Sunday I saw the worst storm(暴風(fēng)雨)in years It came suddenly and went on for more than three hours After lunch, I went into my room to have a rest. The air was hot, and all was quiet
    Then strong wind started blowing into my room Pieces of paper on my desk flew high into the air and some flew out of the open window As I ran out to catch them, big drops of rain began to fall.
    When I came back into the house, it was raining harder and harder I tried very hard to close the window Then I heard a loud crashing(碰撞的)sound from the back of the house. I ran out of my room to rind out what it was, a big tree had fallen down and broken the top of the back room.
    1.Before the storm, the weather was __________
    A.cold B.cool C.warm D.hot
    2.The wind blew some of the paper ___________
    A.all over the floor B.out of the door
    C.into the back room D.out of the open window
    3.The top of the back room was broken because of __________
    A.the strong B.the falling tree C.the rain D.the crashing sound
    (7)
    Light travels at a speed which is about a million times faster than the speed of sound. You can get some idea of this difference by watching the start of a race. If you stand some distance away from the starter, you can see smoke from his gun before the sound reaches your ears.
    This great speed of light produces some strange facts Sunlight takes about 8 minutes to reach us If you look at the light of the moon tonight, remember that the light rays left the moon 1.3 seconds before they reached you The nearest star is so far away that the light that you can see from it tonight started to travel towards you four years ago at a speed of nearly 2 million km. per minute. In some cases, the light from one of tonight's stars had started on its journey to you before you were born.
    Thus, if we want to be honest, we can't say, "The stars are shining tonight" We have to say instead, "The stars look pretty They were shining four years ago, but their light has only just reached the earth."
    1.Light speed is ________ sound speed
    A.as fast as
    B.a million times slower than
    C.about millions of times faster than
    D.about a million times faster than
    2.If you stand 200 metres away from a man who is firing a gun to start a race, you
    will find out that _______
    A.you can hear the sound before you see the smoke
    B.the sound does not travel as fast as light
    C.the sound will reach you before the man fires
    D.sound travels about a million times faster than light
    3.Sunlight obviously(明顯地)_________ than the light of the moon
    A.has to travel a greater distance B.moves less quickly
    C.travels much more quickly D.is less powerful(有力的)
    4.The scientific way of saying "The stars are shining tonight" should be ________
    A.the stars have been shining all the time
    B.the stars seen tonight will shine four years later
    C.the stars were shining long ago but seen tonight
    D.the starlight seen today could be seen four years ago
    (8)
    Drinking too much alcohol (酒，酒精)seems to give pleasure to many people Habit alone can keep people drinking However, many heavy drinkers can offer some other reasons for their actions.
    Right now doctors are getting some attention in their protests against heavy drinking. Many people have cut down on their drinking In general, everyone believes the doctors' warnings.
    It is sometimes very easy to stop drinking heavily. For example, at a party a man has just one drink. He can stop thinking about having another one. Both health considerations and the high cost of drinking help him to stay away from alcohol. All of his friends help, too. They always understand his problem and are really concerned. The heavy drinker needs friends like these.
    1.Drinking too much alcohol ________
    A.seems to give pleasure to many people
    B.is a habit
    C.is reasonable
    D.will do good to people
    2.Paragraph(段落)2 says:
    A.Doctors are against heavy drinking
    B.People usually believe the doctors' warnings
    C.Many people have cut down on their drinking
    D.all of the above
    3.A heavy drinker _________
    A.believes the doctors' warnings
    B.has no reasons for drinking
    C.needs friends to help him stop drinking heavily
    D.can't stay away from alcohol
    4.The best title for the passage is ________
    A.Alcohol B.No Drinking C.A Heavy Drinker D.Give It Up
    (9)
    Tom didn't live too far away from school. So he went there and came back on foot every day. On his way to school he passed a wet playground when it rained. One day the boy came home very wet. His mother became very angry and said, "Don't play in the water on your way home or to school."
    The next day he came home very wet again. His mother became even angrier. "I will tell your father if you come home wet again," she said, "Then he'll punish you."
    The next day the young boy was dry when he came home from school. "You were a good boy today," his mother said, "You didn't play in the water," "No," he answered sadly, "There were so many big boys in the water when I got there this afternoon that there wasn't any room for me at all."
    1. There was a ______ on his way to school.
    A. park B. lake C. playground D. river
    2.Tom's mother got angry because ________.
    A.Tom was all wet B.Tom was dry
    C.Tom didn't go to school D.it rained
    3.The meaning of the underlined word punish is ________.
    A.同意 B.懲罰 C.憐憫 D.放棄
    (10)
    WHERE TO STAY IN BOSWELL YOUR GUIDE TO OUR BEST HOTELS
    

Name / Address	Room Number	Single Room	Double Room	Special Attractions
FIRST HOTEL          222 Edward Road          Tel. 4146433	120	$25	$35	Air-conditioned (空調(diào)) rooms French restaurant      Night club      Swimming pool      Shops      Coffee shop and bar      Telephone, radio and TV set      in each room      Close to the city center
FAIRVIE HOTEL      129 North Road      Tel. 5915620	450	$12	$18	Close to the airport      Telephone in each room      Bar, Restaurant, Garage (車庫)      Swimming pool
ORCHARD HOTEL          233 Edward Road          Tel. 6416446	470	$15	$20	Facing First Hotel      European (歐式的) restaurant      TV set      Coffee shop      Laundry (洗衣店) and      dry-cleaning shops
OSAKA HOTEL          12364 Venning Road          Tel. 6438200	180	$30	$50	Air-conditioned (空調(diào)) rooms      Japanese and Chinese      restaurants      Swimming pool      Large garden      Shops

    Choose the best answers according to the table above.
    1.If you want to eat Chinese food, you will go to the restaurant in ________.
    A.the Fairview Hotel
    B.the First Hotel
    C.the Orchard Hotel
    D.the Osaka Hotel
    2.The cheapest price for a single bed is ________ in ______ in Boswell.
    A.$12, the First Hotel B.$15, the Osaka Hotel
    C.$12, the Fairview Hotel D.$25, the Orchard Hotel
    3.The number of the rooms in the hotel with the best special attractions is _______.
    A.120 B.470 C.450 D.180
    4.If a Japanese traveler likes to eat in a French restaurant, _________ is the right place for him to go to.
    A.233 Edward Road B.12364 Venning Road
    C.222 Edward Road D.129 North Road
    5.Which hotel faces the Orchard Hotel?
    A.The First Hotel B.The Osaka Hotel
    C.The Fairview Hotel D.No Hotel
    (11)
    Ron is ten years old. He loves to watch TV. But for one full year he did not watch TV at all. What was the reason? Ron’s parents said they would give him $ 600 if he didn’t watch TV for a year.
    Ron’s parents thought he watched too much TV. One day his mother saw a news- paper story about a boy who didn’t watch TV for a year. She showed the story to Ron. Ron liked the idea. He turned off the TV right away, and said, “It doesn’t bother me not to watch TV. I just want the money.”
    At first, Ron’s parents were very happy. Ron read books and newspapers, played outside, played computer games, and played cards with his mother. But after some time, he got bored(厭煩). Every morning, he asked his parents, “What are we doing tonight?” Sometimes his mother and father wished he would watch TV just for one evening. Ron always said, “No, it would cost me money!”
    Finally the year was over. Then Ron stared watching his favourite TV shows all day long again. Ron got the money from his parents. What does he plan to do with the $ 600? “I want to buy myself a TV set!” he said.
    1. Ron didn’t watch TV for one year because ________.
    A. he wanted the money B. watching TV too much is bad
    C. he wanted to study harder D. he wanted to learn from the boy
    2. “It doesn’t bother me not to watch TV” means “It’s _______ to watch TV”.
    A. waste time B. important for me
    C. not use D. not important for me
    3. Ron thought _________ for him to read and play all the time.
    A. it was great fun B. it was no fun
    C. it was enjoyable D. it was good
    4. Ron’s last words would _______ his parents.
    A. please B. frighten C. surprise D. excite
    5. The best title for the story is _______.
    A. A Funny Story B. A Year without TV
    C. A Good Boy D. Buying a TV Set
    (12)
    J.K. Rowling is the writer of Harry Potter, which is now one of the bestsellers in the world.
    J.K. Rowling was born in Bristol on July 31st, 1965. She has one sister who is two years younger than her. Both girls loved listening to their father reading bedtime stories to them. They especially loved stories about magical worlds. Rowling wrote her first story, called Rabbit, at the age of six.
    After she graduated from the university, Rowling worked as a translator(翻譯者)
    in London. During this time, on a long train trip in the summer of 1990, the idea came to her of a boy who has magic but doesn’t know it. In 1992 Rowling began to teach English. She lived with her baby daughter, Jessica, and spent much time finishing the first Harry Potter book for young readers. It appeared in June 1997. To her surprise, the book was greatly successful. The film came out in November 2001. Now Harry Potter series(系列) is popular with people of all ages and about 60 million books were sold in 200 countries.
    Why has the series been so successful? There are a few things. Many other magical stories take place in faraway lands or in past or future times. But Harry lives in modern(現(xiàn)代的) England. He’s also a very normal(平常的) boy: polite, friendly, brave and clever. So when other children read about Harry, they can imagine being like him.
    J.K. Rowling is very happy with the success, and she is now busy finishing the whole series of seven books. She’s writing full time and she’s really enjoying life. She says she will go on living a normal life with her daughter and writing children’s books.
    1. From the passage, we know ___________.?
    A. J.K. Rowling met a boy named Harry on a long train trip
    B. J.K. Rowling loved listening to stories when she was very young
    C. J.K. Rowling is two years younger than her sister
    D. Harry Potter is J.K. Rowling’s first story?
    2. The first ?Harry Potter? book came out in __________.?
    A. July 1965
    B. the summer of 1990
    C. June 1997
    D. November 2001?
    3. The Harry Potter series is __________.?
    A. written for young people
    B. only enjoyed by children
    C. only sold in England
    D. about a young inspector?
    4. J.K. Rowling has been successful, and she ___________.?
    A. likes to travel all over the world with her daughter?
    B. is too busy to enjoy her life?
    C. is excited about her success every day?
    D. is still writing stories for children?
    5. How is Harry Potter series different from other magical stories?
    ?A. There are magical things.
    B. The stories happened in the modern world.
    C. It has seven books.
    D. It took much time to finish.
    【練習(xí)答案】
    (1) 1.A 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B
    (2)1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B
    (3)1.B 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.B
    (4)1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B
    (5)1.C 2.C 3.A 4.B
    (6)1.D 2.D 3.B
    (7)1.D 2.B 3.A 4.C
    (8)1.A 2.D 3.C 4.D
    (9)1.C 2.A 3.B 44.C 45.A 46.D 47.C 48.D 49.A 50.D
    (10)1.D 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.A
    (11)1.A 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.B
    (12)1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B
     
    

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