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    When forming the plural of Italian nouns, the vowel endings change to indicate a change in number. For regular masculine nouns that end in -o, the ending changes to -i in the plural.
    The table below includes a few nouns to start with:
    
    PLURAL FORMS OF ITALIAN MASCULINE NOUNS ENDING IN -O
    SINGULAR
    PLURAL
    ENGLISH
    
    fratello
    fratelli
    brothers
    libro
    libri
    books
    nonno
    nonni
    grandfather
    ragazzo
    ragazzi
    boys
    vino
    vini
    wine
    Regular feminine nouns that end in -a take on -e endings in the plural.
    
    PLURAL FORMS OF ITALIAN FEMININE NOUNS ENDING IN -A
    SINGULAR
    PLURAL
    ENGLISH
    
    casa
    case
    houses
    penna
    penne
    pens
    pizza
    pizze
    pizzas
    ragazza
    ragazze
    girls
    sorella
    sorelle
    sisters
    When forming the plural of nouns ending in a consonant, such as words of foreign origin, only the article changes: il film/i film; la photo/le photo. Here are some exceptions to the rule for forming feminine plurals:
    

Feminine-noun ending -ea changes to -ee in the plural. For example: dea/dee (goddess/goddesses).
    

Feminine-noun ending -ca changes to -che in the plural. For example: amica/amiche (friend/friends). Remember that -che is pronounced as "keh" in Italian.
    

    Finally, be aware that some nouns end in -e. The plural forms of these nouns will end in -i (regardless of whether these nouns are masculine or feminine).
    
    PLURAL FORMS OF ITALIAN NOUNS ENDING IN -E
    SINGULAR
    PLURAL
    ENGLISH
    
    bicchiere
    bicchieri
    (wine) glass
    chiave
    chiavi
    keys
    fiume
    fiumi
    rivers
    frase
    frasi
    phrases
    padre
    padri
    fathers